Neural tube defects are a group of congenital abnormalities caused by failure of the neural tube to form normally. For example, in spina bifida the bony arches of the spine, which protect the spinal cord and its coverings, fail to close. More severe defects of fusion of these bones will result in increasingly serious neurological
What Is Multiple Scelerosis? Multiple sclerosis or MS is a disease that affects the brain and spinal cord, resulting in loss of muscle control, vision, balance, and sensation (such as numbness). With MS, the nerves of the brain and spinal cord are damaged by one’s own immune system. Thus, the condition is called an autoimmune
What Is Infertility? Infertility is defined as being unable to conceive after 12 consecutive months of attempting to do so. Male infertility is just as common as female infertility, and can be due to a larger range of hormonal, environmental, lifestyle and genetic factors. Researching Linking Infertility & MTHFR Varicocele is the presence of widened
What is Erectile dysfunction? Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve or sustain an erection suitable for sexual intercourse. Causes include medications, chronic illnesses, poor blood flow to the penis, drinking too much alcohol, or being too tired. Research The MTHFR genes play important rolls in the metabolism of folate and homocysteine. Mutations in the
What is Down’s Syndrome? Down’s syndrome is a condition resulting from a genetic abnormality in which an extra chromosome is present, giving a total of 47 rather than 46 (at the 21st chromosome). Currently, the strongest risk factor associated with Down Syndrome is maternal age, with the chances of having a child with this syndrome
What Is Type 2 Diabetes? Unlike people with type 1 diabetes, the bodies of people with type 2 diabetes make insulin. But either their pancreas does not make enough insulin or the body cannot use the insulin well enough. This is called insulin resistance. When there isn’t enough insulin or the insulin is not used
What is Depression? Depression is a mental state characterised by excessive sadness. It is more than just a low mood – it’s a serious illness that has an impact on both physical and mental health Depression affects how people feel about themselves. They may lose interest in work, hobbies and doing things they normally enjoy.
What is a Congenital Heart Defect? Congenital heart defect (CHD) or congenital heart anomaly is a defect in the structure of the heart and great vessels which is present at birth. Many types of heart defects exist, most of which either obstruct blood flow in the heart or vessels near it, or cause blood to
What is Cleft Lip or Palate? A fissure in the midline of the palate due to the failure of the two sides to fuse in embryonic development. Only part of the palate may be affected, or the cleft may be extend the full length with bilateral clefts at the front of the mouth. The cleft
What are Chronic Viral Infections? Many virus infections are self-limited because host mechanisms eliminate the virus. Infections with certain viruses, however, often fail to resolve and, as such, become chronic. Such infections can persist for many years, often for the lifetime of the infected individual, and some cause serious progressive disease and early death. Examples
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